Geography Class 11 Syllabus
Course
Structure
|
Part/Unit
|
Topic or
Chapter
|
Marks
|
|
Part A
|
Fundamentals
of Physical Geography
|
25
|
|
Unit-1
|
Geography as a
discipline
|
|
|
Unit-2
|
The Earth
|
|
|
Unit-3
|
Landforms
|
|
|
Unit-4
|
Climate
|
|
|
Unit-5
|
Water (Oceans) - OTBA
|
|
|
Unit-6
|
Life on the Earth
|
|
|
|
Map abd Diagram
|
5
|
|
Part B
|
India -
Physical Environment
|
25
|
|
Unit-7
|
Introduction
|
|
|
Unit-8
|
Physiography
|
|
|
Unit-9
|
Climate, vegetation
and soil
|
|
|
Unit-10
|
Natural hazards and
Disasters
|
|
|
|
Map and Diagram
|
5
|
|
Part C
|
Practical Work
|
30
|
|
Unit-1
|
Fundamentals of Maps
|
10
|
|
Unit-2
|
Topographic and
Weather Maps
|
15
|
|
|
Practical Record Book
and Viva
|
5
|
Part A:
Fundamentals of Physical Geography
Unit-1:
Geography as a Discipline
- Geography as an integrating discipline, as a
science of spatial attributes.
- Branches of Geography; PhysicalGeography
and Human Geography.
- Scope and Career Options
Unit-2: The
Earth
- Origin and evolution of the earth; Interior of
the earth.
- Wegener's continental drift theory and plate
tectonics.
- Earthquakes and volcanoes: causes, types and
effects.
Unit-3:
Landforms
- Rocks: major types of rocks and their
characteristics.
- Landforms and their evolution.
- Geomorphic processes: weathering, mass
wasting, erosion and deposition; soil-formation.
Unit 4:
Climate
- Atmosphere- composition and structure;elements of weather
and climate.
- Insolation-angle of incidence and
distribution; heat budget of the earth-heating and cooling of atmosphere
(conduction, convection, terrestrial radiation and advection);
temperature- factors controlling temperature; distribution of
temperature-horizontal and vertical; inversion of temperature.
- Pressure-pressure belts; winds-planetary,
seasonal and local; air masses and fronts; tropical and extratropical cyclones.
- Precipitation-evaporation; condensation-dew, frost,fog, mist and cloud;
rainfall-types and world distribution.
- World climates-classification (Koeppen and Thornthwaite),
Global warming and climatic changes.
- Climate and Global Concerns.
Unit 5:
Hydrosphere
- Basics of Oceanography
- Oceans - distribution of temperature and
salinity.
- Movements of ocean water-waves, tides and
currents; submarine reliefs.
- Ocean resources and pollution.
Unit 6:
Biosphere
- Biosphere - importance of plants and other
organisms; biodiversity and conservation; ecosystem and ecological
balance.
Map work on
identification of features based on 1 to 6 units on the
outline/Physical/Political map of the world.
Part - B:
India - Physical Environment
Unit-7:
Introduction
- Location, space relations, India's place in
the world.
Unit-8:
Physiography
- Structure and Relief; Physiographic Divisions.
- Drainage systems: Concept of river basins,
Watershed; the Himalayan and the Peninsular rivers.
Unit-9:
Climate, Vegetation and Soil
- Weather and climate - spatial and temporal
distribution of temperature, pressure winds and rainfall, Indian monsoon:
mechanism, onset and withdrawal, variability of rainfalls: spatial and
temporal; use of weather charts; Climatic types (Koeppen).
- Natural vegetation-forest types and
distribution; wild life; conservation; biosphere reserves.
- Soils - major types (ICAR's classification)
and their distribution, soil degradation and conservation.
Unit-10:
Hazards and Disasters: Causes, Consequences and Management
- Floods, Cloudbursts
- Droughts: types and impact
- Earthquakes and Tsunami
- Cyclones: features and impact
- Landslides
Map Work of features
based on above units for locating and labelling on the
Outline/Political/Physical map of India.
Part - C:
Practical Work
Unit-1:
Fundamentals of Maps
- Geo spatial data, Concept of Geographicaldata matrix; Point, line, area data.
- Maps - types; scales-types; construction of
simple linear scale, measuring distance; finding direction and use of
symbols.
- Map projection - Latitude, longitude and time,
typology, construction and properties of projection: Conical with one
standard parallel and Mercator's projection. (only two projections)
Unit 2:
Topographic and Weather Maps
- Study of topographic maps (1:50,000 or
1:25,000 Survey of India maps); contour cross section and identification
of landforms-slopes, hills, valleys, waterfall, cliffs; distribution of
settlements.
- Aerial Photographs: Types and
Geometry-vertical aerial photographs; difference between maps and aerial
photographs; photo scale determination. Identification of physical and
cultural features.
- Satellite imageries, stages in remote sensing
data-acquisition, platform and sensors and data products, (photographic
and digital).
- Use of weather instruments: thermometer, wet
and dry-bulb thermometer, barometer, wind vane, rain gauge.